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Dennis Sandole

Dennis Sandole
Professor of Conflict Resolution and International Relations

Ph.D, Department of Politics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, 1979
B.A, Department of Economics, Temple University, (Cum Laude) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1967
Certificate Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, in German Federal Republic of Germany, 1977

Biography

Sandole is a professor of conflict resolution and international relations at the School for Conflict Analysis and Resolution (S-CAR), at George Mason University. A founding member of S-CAR, Sandole received his Ph.D. in politics at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland. He has been a William C. Foster Fellow as Visiting Scholar with the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA), where he worked on the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) negotiations. More recently, he completed a Fulbright Scholarship to teach in the postgraduate programs in international studies at the Diplomatic Academy in Vienna, Austria. His publications include: "Conflict Management and Problem Solving: Interpersonal to International Applications"; "Conflict Resolution Theory and Practice: Integration and Application"; "Capturing the Complexity of Conflict: Dealing with Violent Ethnic Conflicts of the Post-War Era"; "Peace and Security in the Postmodern World: The OSCE and Conflict Resolution"; and "A Handbook of Conflict Analysis and Resolution." Within the context of ICAR's working group on war, violence and terrorism, Sandole and some of ICAR's Ph.D. candidates assembled the volume, "Terrorism: Concepts, Causes and Conflict Resolution," which was published in December 2002 by the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency at Fort Belvoir, Virginia. The working group completed its second volume, "Apocalyptic Terrorism: Understanding the Unfathomable," in March 2004.



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Awards and Honors
Fulbright Senior Specialist in Conflict Resolution
Presented guest lectures in introductory, culture and conflict, and integration of theory and practice courses. Presented a university-wide lecture on “Turkey’s Unique Role in...
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1996
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Analyzes theoretical basis undergirding methods of research in conflict resolution. Explores how theory is built...
Building on initiatives of United Nations and other multilateral organizations, explores dynamics of post-conflict peace building. Prepares...
Considers various theories, causes, and conditions of violence, and applies them to variety of cases: family abuse, religious and ethnic violence...
Topics vary; they are announced each academic year.
In-depth field study of ongoing conflict situations, and design and delivery of intervention processes to manage or...
Taken in last semester of master’s student course work. Assists in developing students’ own theories of conflict and conflict...
Introduces students to the philosophies behind social science research and the methods for conducting research in the field of conflict resolution...
Covers conflict at macro level, introducing theories of international and global violence and conflict, drawing from...
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Title Published Date
November 01, 2016
In this article, we address protracted, often recurring violent conflict, arguing that the failure to solve entrenched conflicts and build sustainable peace is due in part to the absence of women from peace-building processes. To change this negative status quo,...
Category: Journal Article
February 15, 2016
The images of Turkey held by most people probably do not reflect this unique country’s vast reservoir of what Harvard professor Joseph Nye (2004) calls “soft power” – cultural, social, economic, intellectual and other “non-military...
Category: Book Chapter
December 25, 2015
In A Region in Limbo:  South East Europe in the Light of Strained Western-Russian Relations. (30th Workshop of the Partnership-for-Peace (PfP) Consortium Study Group, “Regional Stability in South East Europe”). Ernst M. Felberbauer and Predrag...
Category: Journal Article
September 01, 2015
A perception has been developing for more than a decade, reinforced by the publication of Steven Pinker’s The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined (2011),2 that both the frequency and intensity of violent conflict worldwide have been on the...
Category: Book Chapter
November 03, 2014
 The subfield of peace and conflict studies known as peacebuilding is still relatively young. Although established in the literature by peace studies pioneer Johan Galtung in 1975,it was not until 1992, when United Nations (UN) Secretary General Boutros...
Category: Journal Article
July 01, 2013
Professor Sandole's chapter deals with the 57-member Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the world's largest and most comprehensive "soft" security organization -- comprising all of NATO, the former Warsaw Pact and neutral and...
Category: Book Chapter
June 01, 2012
This chapter focuses on the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the world's largest and most comprehensive regional "soft" security organization, which, as the "Helsinki Process," was launched in the 1970s as the...
Category: Book Chapter
February 22, 2011
Preventing violent conflicts and establishing comprehensive lasting peace in some of the world's most turbulent regions has become the new global imperative. But to be effective, peacebuilding must be a multilateral, not a unilateral process. Even for the world's...
Category: Book
October 01, 2010
Category: Book Chapter
January 17, 2010
Dennis Sandole examines the implications of US foreign policy in the post-Bush era for Europe.  Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg | IFSHOSCE Yearbook 2010...
Category: Book Chapter
December 01, 2009
Dr. Sandole addresses the question of what lessons have been learned through the ultimate expression of “soft power”, namely peacebuilding lessons that are relevant to turning the situation around in the Western Balkans from a condition of fragile...
Category: Book Chapter
December 01, 2009
Bosnia and Herzegovina in almost 14 years of the post-Dayton Accord  period has not become a functional state despite some successes achieved in regard to the Euro-Atlantic integration processes. Continuing ethno-centric argumentation in the discourses of the...
Category: Book
June 26, 2009
This paper focuses on Turkey, a Muslim (but secular) country located culturally and geographically in, and between, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. It has a well-embedded Jewish community, enjoys a strong positive relationship with the State of Israel and is a...
Category: Journal Article
October 01, 2008
Dennis Sandole explores options for confidence building between Kosovar Albanians and Serbs in Northern Kosovo and Belgrade, following the Kosovar Albanian declaration of independence for Kosovo on 17 February 2008, and the subsequent Serb reaction of rejection,...
Category: Book Chapter
September 09, 2008
Implicit in this chapter is the asusmptio of a fundamental "two culture problem" (or even conflict) between (a) academics or theorists in peace and conflict studies and (b) practitioners of conflict resolution and peacebuilding, including governmental...
Category: Book Chapter
September 09, 2008
Even a cursory reading of the chapters making up this volume strikes the reader with their collective complexity. No matter how aesthetically appealing the concept of parsimony or emotionally compelling the primacy of the single-factor thesis might be, many...
Category: Book Chapter
September 09, 2008
This major new handbook comprises cutting-edge essays from leading scholars in the field of conflict analysis and resolution (CAR). The volume provides a comprehensive overview of the core concepts, theories, approaches, processes, and intervention designs in the...
Category: Book
September 01, 2008
Category: Book Chapter
June 2007
This article concludes this special issue of Communist and Post-Communist Studies by summarizing the various contributions and noting their commonalties as well as dissimilarities. The primary themes are the various problems in need of solution in Central Asia...
Category: Journal Article
May 31, 2007
Comprised of interviews conducted with senior CSCE/OSCE negotiators on recent tumultuous events in global affairs and insights from the conflict resolution literature, this book analyzes how ‘postmodern’ conflict, such as the recent Balkan Wars, and...
Category: Book
September 18, 2006
Shortly after the catastrophic attacks of 11 September 2001, the Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution (ICAR) at George Mason University -- located not too far from one of the targets, the Pentagon -- convened a meeting of its faculty to discuss "...
Category: Journal Article
July 01, 2006
Category: Book Chapter
May 03, 2004
Dr. Sandole describes his conceptual design of New European Peace and Security System (NEPSS), a basis for the intervention of the European Union in Bosnia into the latent and manifest conflicts of post-Cold War Europe in a way that could prevent "Future...
Category: Book Chapter
April 2004
The events of 11 September 2001 taught us many things about ourselves, others, and the world we live in. We learned who and what was important to us, what it felt like to be victimized, and how developments in other countries could threaten our homeland. We also...
Category: Book Chapter
August 11, 2003
Category: Book Chapter
May 01, 2003
This chapter advances the argument any effort to "crush organized crime" in the Balkans must occur within the context of an integrated, coordinated, multi-level framework which locates "organized crime" -- and warlordism and terrorism -- in a...
Category: Book Chapter
January 01, 2003
The text fuses past and present thinking on terrorism with concepts derived from the field of conflict resolution. Beginning with a definition of terrorism and the implications of various characterizations of terrorists, the study then moves on to a...
Category: Book
January 01, 2003
What could the U.S. have possibly done to incur such wrath in 9/11, leading to the deaths of thousands and a pervasive sense of insecurity among Americans the likes of which have not been seen since the assassination of John F. Kennedy in 1963?   Dennis...
Category: Book Chapter
November 01, 2002
Dr. Sandole's general goal in this presentation is to examine the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe: the "pearl of the German presidency of the European Union" adopted in Köln on 10 June 1999, the day that NATO's 78-day bombing campaign of Serbia...
Category: Book Chapter
September 04, 2001
This is the fourth published report on an ongoing research project to monitor developments in post-Cold War Europe, involving efforts to solicit and analyse the views of (primarily) heads of delegation to the most inclusive trans-Atlantic/pan-European peace and...
Category: Book Chapter
July 01, 2001
 Dr. Dennis Sandole has long been interested in questions of peace and security and has published a range of empirical and theoretically oriented studies on the subject. This current Working Paper represents a report on his most recent investigation into the...
Category: Papers & Reports
October 26, 1999
The study reported in this volume is an attempt to develop a multilevel theory of violent conflict and war. As such, the study involves: a pre-theory for identifying concepts operative at each level, and for explaining how the concepts relate to violent conflict...
Category: Book
July 01, 1997
This article provides an overview of the author's efforts, together with those of colleagues, to help institutionalize the teaching and practice of conflict resolution in the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union and Eastern and Central Europe....
Category: Journal Article
November 01, 1995
This article reports on a survey of the views of Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe elites on peace and security in post-Cold War Europe. The findings suggest that there appear to be three distinct meta-cultures developing in the new Europe: one...
Category: Journal Article
August 01, 1993
Designed for postgraduates or researchers who wish to understand the integration of theory and practice in conflict resolution, this volume contains a series of essays which aims to help readers understand and deal with the major problems of violent conflict at...
Category: Book
August 01, 1993
Designed for postgraduates or researchers who wish to understand the integration of theory and practice in conflict resolution, this volume contains a series of essays which aims to help readers understand and deal with the major problems of violent conflict at...
Category: Book
August 01, 1993
Dr. Sandole presents a discussion of theory and research relevant to conflict initiation and escalation (with implications for resolution) at various levels ranging from interpersonal to international  - and the extent to which the literature reflects '...
Category: Book Chapter
August 01, 1993
Category: Book Chapter
December 1998
INTRODUCTIONAs I contemplate the rise worldwide in intrastate (in contrast to interstate) conflicts (see, e.g., van Creveld, 1991 and K. Holsti, 1996), leading to Yugoslavian and Rwandan-type situations, I sense the need to do something about them. As Rousseau has...
Category: Journal Article
October 01, 1992
This timely paper by Dr. Sandole is part of a continuing project at the Institute intendedto analyse and recommend remedies for the resurgence of overt and violent conflict in Eastern Europe. It takes the form of a consideration of the manner in which the "...
Category: Papers & Reports
March 01, 1989
The gaming simulation Prisoner's Dilemma Simulation is used to analyze international conflict. Findings suggest that variables at the transsocietal level had the most impact on domestic and foreign conflict.
Category: Journal Article
November 17, 1988
Category: Book Chapter
August 01, 1987
Violent conflicts exist at many levels throughout the modern world and their influence extends, in varying degrees, to all aspects of everyday living. Ways of responding to conflicts are especially important, therefore, to all professionals and policy-makers who...
Category: Book
August 01, 1987
Text focuses on conflict management at the international level.
Category: Book Chapter
August 01, 1987
Text focuses on Conflict Management from the perspective of generic theory research and practice.
Category: Book Chapter
July 03, 1985
The text focuses on research in International Relations.
Category: Book
July 03, 1985
Bibliography and summary of textbooks focusing on research in the field of International Relations.
Category: Book Chapter
July 01, 1982
Category: Journal Article
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June 23, 2013
Sir, In addition to its core working hypothesis that everything is connected to everything else, complexity theory is
Category: Newspaper Article

May 19, 2013
Sir, Whatever human nature is, it is certainly not proactive. Historically and cross-culturally, our species seems hard
Category: Newspaper Article

March 25, 2013
Sir, Departing from the tone of his previous narrative, alienating Israeli leadership and public alike, on his recent
Category: Newspaper Article
February 22, 2013
Dr. Dennis Sandole, Professor of Conflict Resolution and International Relations at S-CAR; interviews Dr.
Category: Television Appearances

February 03, 2013
Sir, British physicist Lewis F. Richardson, who helped pioneer the mathematical study of international conflict,
Category: Newspaper Article

November 21, 2012
Sir, Your editorial “Island stalemate” (November 6), on the dispute between China and Japan over the
Category: Newspaper Article

October 2012
The current U.S. presidential campaign between President Barack Obama and former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney is
Category: Newsletter Article

October 10, 2012
Sir, The progressively unyielding logic of unintended consequences seems to be rearing its head again. As western
Category: Newspaper Article

August 16, 2012
Sir, John McClintock, in his compelling letter “Food for all – with shared sovereignty” (August 9),
Category: Newspaper Article

May 12, 2012
Sir, After reading Clive Cookson’s review of Harvard professor Edward O. Wilson’s new tome, The Social
Category: Newspaper Article

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The devastation of civilians in contemporary conflicts represents a humanitarian disaster of stunning proportions. The current ratio of military to civilian casualties is approximately one to eight while 90% of wars are civil wars in the new century. Such devastation is systematically embedded
March 27, 2009
Dissertation Committee: Dennis Sandole, Ph.D., ICAR, (Chair) Christopher R. Mitchell, Ph.D., ICAR Donald Gantz, Ph.D., Applied Information Technology, GMUContact: Erica Soren, [email protected]
November 25, 2008
The eruption of highly contagious, violent conflicts, including the August 2008 war in South Ossetia, necessitates urgency in monitoring events in post-Soviet Eurasia in terms of regional and international security as well as for conflict prevention and preventive diplomacy. Ukraine’s
November 21, 2008
This dissertation describes the emergence of conflict prevention as a new norm in development policy and practice, and the commensurate use of conflict assessments to mainstream a preventive lens (conflict analysis) in the design and implementation of development programs at United States
April 24, 2008
This study explores the organizational cultures of the U.S. Departments of Defense and State in the context of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty interagency process. Using the theoretical frameworks of Kevin Avruch, Edgar Schein, Joanne Martin, and Harrison Trice, this study
April 02, 2008
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Presentation Peace and Security in the Postmodern World: The OSCE and Conflict Resolution in the Balkans Presented by Dennis Sandole, ICAR Professor
May 09, 2007
Speakers include the following book contributors: David G. Alpher Sandra I. Cheldelin Rom Harré Karina V. Korostelina Joseph V. Montville Daniel Rothbart Dennis J. D. Sandole Peter N. Stearns
February 08, 2007
This dissertation examines the role of military intervention in resolving violent and armed conflicts by exploring the historical record of the 20th Century. It identifies the patterns and traits that connect military intervention and conflict resolution, in order to build theory of
January 25, 2007
This dissertation is an examination of terrorism and counterterrorism using the framework of conflict analysis and resolution.  We develop a definition and a typology of terrorism that is based on the primary motivators of terrorism.  We review of the causes of ethno-national
November 10, 2006
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“When Conflict Resolution Fails: Anatomy of Conflict Recurrence?”Dennis J.D. SandoleThe multidisciplinary field of Conflict and Conflict Resolution has seen impressive growth and institutionalization during the last half century or so. Indeed, "conflict resolution" has become
September 08, 2016
During 21-24 July 2013, S-CAR Professor Dennis Sandole attended the "2013 International NGO Conference on History and Peace," in Seoul, Korea, whose theme was: "Civil Society's Contribution to Promoting a Peaceful East Asian Community and the Transformation of Civilization."Dr.
July 21, 2013
"S-CAR Professor Dennis Sandole was invited by the Austrian Ministry of Defence to make a presentation on Friday, 3 May 2013, entitled, "The Complex Relationship between Transitional Justice and Regional Peacebuilding: The ICTY's Challenge for Reconciliation and Conflict Transformation in
May 03, 2013
 The School for Conflict Analysis and Resolution (S-CAR) at George Mason University invites you to a discussion on:U.S. and Chinese Engagement with Myanmar and ASEAN: Implications fo
April 18, 2013
The Prospects of Peace in the Asia Pacific Region Dr. Kevin Clements:Director of the New Zealand National Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, and former Director of the Institute of Conflict Analysis and Resolution at Mason moderated
February 07, 2013
Dealing with the 'Frozen Conflicts' in the South Caucasus in the Wake of the Recent Events in Georgia. at the Caucasus Institute.
September 19, 2008
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